
The President’s lacklustre address
Two years of the PTI (Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf) being in power was celebrated by self-laudatory claims by the prime minister and his dream team. But President Arif Alvi’s address to the joint sitting of the parliament that coincidentally fell two days after PTI’s second anniversary in power was the icing on the cake.As per the norm of the ruling party, Mr. Alvi, in his endeavour to please his masters did not even make a pretence of sounding non-partisan. After the opposition’s walkout from the parliament the he was simply addressing his party.In any case, the constitutionally mandatory address of the Head of State to the parliament is no great shakes in a parliamentary system where the head of the state is merely a figurehead. The speech is typically prepared by some mid-level officer in the prime minister office. And the president simply parrots it.The prevalent system in Pakistan is generally termed as a hybrid. It is neither completely civilian nor military. Many matters of the state have been simply out-sourced to the military with a fig leaf of civilian oversight.However, a president with some knowledge of the parliamentary system can improve the draft. No one forbids him to add his input to the speech. But Alvi, a former dentist from Karachi, neither has the capability nor any intention to tinker with the officially sanctioned draft.But even from a technical point of view the speech was a disaster. For example, President Alvi, during the course of his speech simply omitted Iran while thanking those countries that had supported the Kashmir cause. However, he corrected himself after the speaker Asad Qaiser sent him a reminder to include Tehran in the list.He also bungled the current account deficit which the PTI government rightly takes much credit for reducing it. Initially Alvi erroneously claimed that the current account deficit had been reduced to $8 billion but after being pointed out by some ministers he gave the correct figures that it had been reduced to $3 billion from $ 20 billion dollars.Such faux pas by the highest level of the state at the country’s apical democratic forum betrays either a totally laid-back attitude both in the president’s office and the prime minister’s secretariat or a complete lack of interest. Amongst the attendees, the COAS general Qamar Javed Bajwa was conscious by his absence.President Alvi’s lacklustre performance betrayed the same sycophantic and self-congratulatory attitude that has permeated the echelons of power.In the three days post the government’s second anniversary, most of the federal ministers held media briefings narrating what a fantastic job they had done in their respective ministries. Dams, highways, power projects, bullet trains and a bustling economy were all on the cards and according to them great strides had already been made.Cricketing analogies were used with abandon by the ministers to please their boss. According to Asad Umar the worst was already over and Khan was firmly entrenched at the crease poised to play a long innings.It doesn’t matter that Khan was a specialist bowler and somewhat of an all-rounder. And if the cricket analogy is taken too far it can work both ways.For example, a captain or for that matter a bowler or a batsman who consistently does not perform is eventually sent packing by the selectors. Unlike politics cricket has neutral umpires.The prevalent system in Pakistan is generally termed as a hybrid one. It is neither completely civilian nor military. Many matters of the state have been simply out-sourced to the military with a fig leaf of civilian oversight.Nonetheless, it would be grossly unfair not to give credit to the government where it is due. There are divergent theories and conjectures on why Covid-19 cases have miraculously dropped in a matter of a few weeks.Undoubtedly the NCOC (National Command and Operation Centre) and leading health experts have done a commendable job. This can be singled out as a major achievement of the government.On the economic front some brownie points should be given to our economic managers for bringing a semblance of macroeconomic stabilityNevertheless, the overall situation leaves little room for complacency. According to latest figures the PTI government added Rs. 11.35 trillion of public debt in two years of its rule. This was more than what the much maligned PML-N government had borrowed in five years of its rule. Resultantly, Pakistan’s overall public debt has ballooned to Rs 36.3 trillion.Another indication of the dire straits is the record high rate of inflation in the country, especially in the food sector. Pakistan’s July inflation rate was at a four-month high of 9.3 percent, up from 8.6 percent the preceding month. Inflation on the ground is much higher by all accounts, sharply cutting into the common man’s budget.Ever rising fuel prices, electricity charges and rising unemployment does not paint a rosy picture of the Pakistani economy. But various government spokespersons, instead of acknowledging the tough times the nation is going through, keep on parroting the ‘sab acha hai’(all is well) mantra.It seems that the people of Pakistan live in a different Pakistan from their leadership. The simple question to ask is: are you better off today than two years ago? One does not have to be Einstein to know the answer.Blaming it all on the past governments’ corruption and maleficence is an oft repeated excuse proffered by various government spokesmen.  No doubt, neither the PPP regime nor PML-N were paragons of virtue. And admittedly the present government is bereft of any major scandal or scams.But it is high time the government, instead of making excuses- that have become a broken record- for its poor performance starts delivering in major areas of governance. Hounding opposition figures through mostly politically motivated NAB (National Accountability Bureau) cases that rarely reach any logical conclusion leaves the anti-corruption watchdog with little credibility.The higher courts, the political opposition and what is left of a free media have been urging the government to usher in a more even handed and equitable accountability law. The ruling party shamefacedly claims that it was the opposition that did not scrap the NAB law. Zardari and Sharif had consensually appointed the current NAB chairman.Perhaps all true. But this does not give the government a carte blanche to blatantly engage in politics of vendetta. The Apex court declared recently that NAB was being used as a tool for political engineering.The PTI government urgently needs a course resetting that it is obstinately unwilling to do.

A flash in the pan?Was the show of strength by the PML-N in front of NAB’s Lahore headquarters on Tuesday merely a flash in the pan or a real change of direction, only time will tell. Of course, the focus of attention was on the PML-N vice president Maryam Nawaz who had been summoned by the accountability watchdog in a fresh case.After a long hiatus Nawaz Sharif’s political heir apparent reappeared on the scene with a bang. During her long absence, she confined herself to her Jati Umrah abode on the outskirts of Lahore. Apart from an occasional tweet she meticulously avoided taking part in any kind of political activity whatsoever.Critics contend that the kind of meaningless politics Shahbaz Sharif has pursued throughout this year will run the PML-N aground. If Sharif reckons that the party he presides has a blank check to be encashed owing to the PTI’s malfeasance whenever the opportunity arises, he is sadly mistaken. There is no gain without pain.During this period Shahbaz Sharif, the president of the party, also went into self-isolation himself to his Model Town residence limiting his politics to occasional statements issued by the party spokesperson on his behalf. The excuse he proffered was that the Covid-19 pandemic had also hit him.Despite paying lip service to the joint opposition, Sharif remained aloof on one pretext or the other. The PPP chairperson Bilawal Bhutto visited Lahore twice to meet him. But to no avail.Finally, when Bilawal and JUI-F (Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam) president Maulana Fazlur Rehman did met, it was decided to hold the elusive APC (all parties conference) post Eid. More than two weeks have elapsed since, and there has been no movement about fixing a date or even the agenda of the proposed APC.Both the Maulana and the PPP leadership are a bit flustered owing to this patently benign attitude on the part of Shehbaz Sharif who has effectively filibustered the APC beyond Moharram due later this month. Knowing his pro establishment predilection, it is obvious that Sharif seems to be biding his time as an absentee opposition leader.Some critics contend that he is waiting to graze in better pastures with a little help from the miltesatblishment. To put it bluntly, the powers that be have an attitude towards PML-N and the PPP bordering on: plague on both houses.Neither the Sharifs nor the Zardaris are a viable option for them. Prior to 2018 general elections, finally they settled for Imran Khan as the fabled Manchurian candidate. At one stage Sharif was considered to be one of their favourites. They are sticking to their original choice despite forlorn hopes of the opposition.The ostensible honeymoon (if ever it was) with younger Sharif did not last for long. His biggest perceived failure was that he was unable to deliver his elder brother’s silence as a run up to the 2018 general elections.By the time he was able to convince his brother that spewing fire and brimstone will get them nowhere, it was too late. The die was already cast.After buying Maryam’s silence, Nawaz Sharif was allowed to travel abroad on nebulous health grounds. The prodigal daughter’s public appearances were restricted to nil. Her father has also been overtly careful not to issue any critical statements from London.But even after brokering this carefully calibrated deal (whose details are still a well-kept secret) there is no let up to NAB’s relentless pursuit against Shahbaz Sharif.In this backdrop Maryam’s defiant show in front of the NAB headquarters in Lahore will prove to be a breath of fresh air for the demoralised opposition. Many of the frontline PML-N leadership and belligerent workers were present there.Undoubtedly this was a planned show of strength. The Maryam camp was fully prepared for the showdown, while the Punjab police was also ready for them.The police used most of its third-degree signature tactics against the PML-N workers. These included pepper spraying, tear gas, water cannons and brickbats.The Punjab government spokesmen brazenly lied that it was the police that was the victim of PML-N violence. But the manner in which Maryam’s bullet proof vehicle was aggressively attacked with projectile bricks belies that claim.In fact, the allegation that PML-N workers attacked their own leader’s car sounds so ludicrous that it does not even merit serious mention. Nonetheless, whatever the real facts, NAB through its incessant hounding of the opposition, unwittingly played into its hands.Maryam through sheer luck or meticulous planning put up a good show from the opposition’s point of view. She made good use of the news channels’ live coverage of the event.Her decision not to budge from the NAB headquarters gate unless she was heard as per the accountability watchdog’s summons was a smart move. For the first time NAB sleuths seemed to be on the defensive pleading with the PML-N vice president to leave as the hearing had been postponed. Leave she did but not without nailing her point home.Going forward, will Maryam go back into hibernation or come out again with full strength?Critics contend that the kind of meaningless politics Shahbaz Sharif has pursued throughout this year will run the PML-N aground. If Sharif reckons that the party he presides has a blank check to be encashed owing to the PTI’s malfeasance whenever the opportunity arises, he is sadly mistaken. There is no gain without pain.So far as Maulana Fazlur Rehman, the main sponsor of the elusive APC is concerned, he is unhappy with the mainstream opposition parties for supporting FATF legislation without consulting him. Both Shahbaz Sharif and Bilawal Bhutto have yet to meet him or offer any explanation for not taking him on board.It is obvious that the secular parties and the religious zealots have different priorities. Fazl wants the government to be sent packing even it means chaos on the streets as it doesn’t matter for him if the democratic project is packed up in the process. So be it.Both Sharif and Bilawal do not want this to happen. Perhaps they reckon such chaos and mayhem engendered through a large number of madrassa followers of JUI-F will inexorably suck the military in.Post March next year when Senate elections are held, the opposition will lose its working majority in the Upper House as well. This would mean more opposition specific draconian legislation.The military-civilian partnership will become stronger with an even more pronounced centralized federal system, further eroding the democratic project in the process.The federal government is already threatening governor rule in Sindh in vague terms. Strangely enough it is getting tail winds from the apex court. The CJP is rightly upset over the shoddy manner in which civic affairs of Karachi have been mishandled by the provincial government.But thanks to the eighteenth amendment it is easier said than done.For the time being the political opposition wants to have it both ways- hunt with the hounds and run with the hares.

A mockery of fair play?The cat and mouse game played out by the NAB (National Accountability Bureau) at the house of leader of the opposition in the National Assembly Shahbaz Sharif in Lahore on Tuesday was indeed reprehensible. Its sleuths, unsuccessful in arresting the former chief minister of Punjab, made a further mockery of the already tarnished accountability process.Sharif is no absconder; he had returned voluntarily to Pakistan two months back from London. Since then he has already appeared once at NAB headquarters in Lahore to answer questions about his assets within and outside Pakistan.It seems the hyperactive special assistant to the prime minister (SAPM) Shehzad Akbar is tasked with the sole purpose of hounding the opposition. Since his return, Sharif has become the flavour of the month for the PTI government’s accountability drive.This relentless pursuit is termed by the opposition as a witch-hunt and a media trial. Akbar has held two pressers in the past few weeks levelling serious charges of corruption against the leader of the opposition.According to the accountability czar, Shahbaz and his progenies are guilty of amassing a humungous sum of over Rs 550 billion through illicit means. Sharif however claims he has all the documentary proofs to refute alleged corrupt practices of the family.The former chief minister is a cancer survivor. Hence, he asserts that he is likely to be exposed to the coronavirus by appearing at NAB headquarters if he is not extra careful. Since his return, Sharif has by and large confined himself to his house.The nexus between the government and the accountability watchdog is an open secret. Whatever fig leaf of plausibility was there has been destroyed by a combination of factorsHe has been criticised in the media for not attending the special NA session held recently to discuss Covid-19 that was summoned on his initiative. Even some of PML-N (Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz) stalwarts are unhappy about their leader’s consistent hibernation and aloofness.Of course, Sharif should answer for all corruption charges leveled against him. But at the same time, he is entitled to a fair trial. But the manner in which NAB operates hardly comes under the definition of a ‘fair trial’.In this case when the former chief minister had sent a written response to the accountability watchdog’s latest queries and was also willing to face his interrogators on Skype, why the urge to arrest him, come what may?Shahbaz was previously arrested in the Ashiyana Housing scheme case in October 2018 and after being incarcerated for 133 days was released on bail in February 2019 by the Lahore high court. The court, while rejecting charges against Sharif in its detailed judgement, admonished NAB for leveling nebulous allegations against him.Not discouraged by this strong denouement, fresh cases were instituted against Sharif. It seems that SAPM Shahzad Akbar’s job description is to harass whomsoever the state desires.Mr Akbar should face a little bit of accountability of his own. How much looted money has the ARU (Assets Recovery Unit) under him recovered since it was established in September 2018?The prime minister, on numerous occasions, has unequivocally declared that he wants to cleanse the body politic of corruption as this is the corner stone of PTI’s manifesto. But unfortunately, the whole process is largely perceived to be opposition specific.That is why it has little credibility. Nor will it have any under the present dispensation. Establishing an across the board and transparent mechanism has almost become a cliché that all politicians use whether in the government or in the opposition.Nawaz Sharif, when he was leader of the opposition in the National Assembly, shunned moves by then Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani to change the one-sided accountability law. Once being elected prime minister for a third time, him along with his party men, did not even move a finger to introduce a new consensual accountability law.Of course, Sharif’s logic was simple: keep the law on the statute books lest there is need to use it against the opposition. After all, the notorious ‘Ethesab Bureau’ (accountability bureau), established during his second tenure as prime minister and headed by his crony senator Saifur Rehman, relentlessly pursued cases against opposition politicians, especially the PPP leadership.One of the most famous of these cases was that of SGC and Cotecna in which Benazir as prime minister and her spouse were accused of receiving kickbacks from the Swiss custom assessment company.When the present government spokespersons claim that they have nothing to with NAB and thatiIt is an independent body whose present head justice (retired) Javed Iqbal was appointed by then Prime Minister Sharif and president Zardari after mutual consultation, technically they are right.Nonetheless, tall claims that NAB is an independent entity has little credibility. The nexus between the government and the accountability watchdog is an open secret. Whatever fig leaf of plausibility was there has been destroyed by a combination of factors.Shahzad Akbar makes no bones about his almost quixotic pursuit of the opposition in his frequent utterances. His narrative is buttressed by various minsters and spokespersons.Unfortunately, the level of debate is low and venomous with copious use of incendiary language. The last straw is Railways minister Sheikh Rashid’s narrative bordering on the absurd.He has gained notoriety for his acerbic comments against the opposition. His prophecy during Ramzan that after Eid, “Tarzan will be in full swing” proved to be ominous.The modus operandi of the government in its single-minded obsession with so-called accountability is shoddy as well. A case in point is the hearing by a full court bench of the apex court reference against Supreme Court judge Qazi Faiz Isa for allegedly having assets beyond means, instituted by President Alvi in the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC).During a recent hearing, one of the members of the bench, justice Muneeb Akhtar pointedly asked the government’s counsel Farogh Naseem to identify the ‘bright light’ that came up with the idea of filing a (flawed) reference against a superior court judge. He further remarked that that the said person made a serious error of judgment.The gamut of accountability, apart from bad faith, smacks of incompetence on part of the government. The urge to victimize is so strong that professionalism (that is in any case lacking) is thrown to the winds.Largely owing to this attitude some observers compare NAB to a dry-cleaning machine. Most high-profile politicians ultimately are granted bail from the high courts. Usually it is the end of their ordeal.But Shahbaz Sharif who has never hidden his pro-establishment moorings is perhaps considered as a dangerman. Hence cases against him have to be taken to their logical conclusion.If he is unable to give convincing answers to various allegations against him- no matter how frivolous they may look- his artfully created brand as a clean politician (if there is such a thing) will be inexorably tarnished.

اس مرتبہ’’ یوم تکبیر ‘‘قدرے خاموشی سے گزر گیا، میاں نوازشریف کے دور میںتو اسے ایک جشن کے طور پر منایا جاتا تھا ۔ بھارتی دھماکوں کا جواب دینے کے لیے پاکستان کی تیاری پوری تھی جس کا کریڈٹ ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کو نہ دینا زیادتی ہو گی ۔1998ء میں 11اور 13مئی کے دوران بھارت پوکھران کے مقام پر پانچ ایٹمی دھماکے کر کے ایٹمی طاقت بن گیا تو پاکستان کے پاس بھی کوئی چارہ نہ رہا اور 28مئی کو چاغی کے مقام پر کامیاب چھ ایٹمی دھماکے کر دیئے۔ اس وقت میاں نوازشریف وزیراعظم تھے۔ جا تی امرا میں طویل عرصے سے گوشہ نشین ان کی صاحبزادی مریم نواز نے اپنے ٹویٹ میں کہا ہے کہ یوم تکبیر ہر سال نوازشریف کی اپنی مٹی سے وفا کی داستاں سناتا ہے ‘جو وفاؤں سے شروع ہو کر جعلی سزاؤں پر ختم ہوتی ہے، سلام ہے نوازشریف پر کہ کوئی مشکل، کوئی قربانی نوازشریف کی خدمت کی راہ میں رکاوٹ نہیں بنی اور نہ انشاء اللہ آئندہ بنے گی، پاکستان زندہ باد۔افواج پاکستان کے شعبہ تعلقات عامہ کے ڈی جی میجر جنرل بابر افتخار نے ٹویٹ میں کہا کہ پاکستان نے 28 مئی 1998ء کو کم از کم جوہری دفاعی صلاحیت حاصل کی اور خطے میں طاقت کے توازن کو بحال کیا۔ان کا کہنا تھا کہ ایٹمی صلاحیت کے حصول کے لیے کوششیں کرنے والے تمام افراد کو سیلوٹ پیش کرتے ہیں اور ایٹمی پروگرام کے خالق، سائنسدانوں اور انجینئرز کو بھی سلام پیش کرتے ہیں۔انہوں نے اپنے پیغام میں پاکستان زندہ باد کا نعرہ بلند کیا۔وزیر اطلاعات شبلی فراز نے کہا ہے کہ پاکستان کو آج کے دن ایٹمی طاقت بننے کا اعزاز حاصل ہوا، ہماری ایٹمی قوت عوام کے تحفظ و سلامتی کی ضامن ہے۔انہوں نے سماجی رابطے کی ویب سائٹ پر ٹویٹ کرتے ہوئے مزید کہا قومی وقار اور سالمیت ہمارے لیے سب سے مقدم ہے۔
ایٹمی دھماکوں کے وقت جنرل جہانگیر کرامت چیف آف آرمی سٹاف تھے ،بھارت کی طرف سے ایٹمی دھماکے کرنے کے بعد فوج اور میاں صا حب ایک ہی صفحے پر تھے لیکن امریکہ کی خواہش تھی کہ پاکستان بھارت کی تقلید نہ کرے لہٰذا امریکی صدر بل کلنٹن نے گاجر اور ڈنڈے کی پالیسی اختیار کی ۔ایٹمی دھماکے نہ کرنے کے عوض پاکستان کو بھاری امریکی امداد سے نوازنے کا وعدہ کیا گیا اور دھماکے کرنے کی صورت میں اقتصادی پابندیاں عائد کرنے کی دھمکی دی گئی اور ایسا ہی کیا گیا۔پاکستان کو 1998ء کے ایٹمی دھماکوں کے بعد مختلف قسم کی انتہائی سخت اقتصادی پابندیوں کا سامنا کرنا پڑا ۔ انگریزی کی کہاوت ہے کہ’’ ناکامی یتیم کی طرح ہوتی ہے جو یک وتنہا رہ جاتی ہے جبکہ کامیابی کے کئی باپ بن جاتے ہیں‘‘۔ ایٹمی دھماکے کرنے سے پہلے نوازشریف نے وزیراعظم ہاؤس میں سینئر صحافیوں کا مشاورتی اجلاس بلایا جس میںمحترم مجید نظامی اور میں بھی موجود تھے ۔ وزیراعظم نے سب صحافیوں کی رائے لی۔ دو صحافیوں کے سوا سب نے کہا کہ پاکستان کو ایٹمی دھماکے کر دینے چاہئیں ۔ نظامی صاحب نے یہ کہہ کر سب کو چونکا دیا کہ میاں صاحب آپ نے ایٹمی دھماکہ نہ کیا تو آپ کا دھماکہ ہو جائے گا۔ان کی بات درست تھی اگر وہ دھماکہ نہ کرتے تو قوم اور فوج ان کی چھٹی کرا دیتی۔ ڈان کے ایڈیٹر احمد علی خان مرحوم جن کے پراگریسو خیالات ڈھکے چھپے نہیں تھے نے مشورہ دیاکہ دھماکے نہ کئے جائیں لیکن سب سے حیران کن موقف مجیب الرحمن شامی کا تھا چونکہ ان کے اس وقت کے دائیں بازو کے نظریات واضح تھے لیکن انہوں نے دھماکے نہ کرنے کا مشورہ دے دیا ۔پاکستان میں ایک بہت بڑی لابی ایٹمی دھماکوں کو اپنے ایمان کا حصہ سمجھتی تھی ۔بہرحال شامی صاحب کو داد دینا پڑے گی کہ انھوں نے اپنا موقف بغیر کسی مصلحت کے بیان کر دیا ۔بڑے سیاستدانوں میں ائرمارشل (ر) اصغر خان ایٹمی دھماکے کے مخالف تھے۔ ایک اور شخصیت ،سائنسدان پرویز ہود بھائی آ ج تک ایٹمی پروگرام کے مخالف ہیں ۔ان کا موقف ہے کہ پاکستان کو ایٹمی پروگرام کی نہیں عوام کی اقتصادی حالت بہتر بنانے پر توجہ دینے کی ضرورت ہے ۔ مجید نظامی مرحوم نے ایٹمی دھماکوں کا سہرا اپنے سر سجایا۔ انہوں نے یہ موقف اختیار کر لیا کہ ایٹم بم الماری میں سجانے کے لیے نہیں بنایا اسے بھارت پر پھینک دینا چاہیے ۔وہ اکثرکہا کرتے تھے کہ مجھے میزائل کے ساتھ باندھ کر بھارت پر پھینک دیا جائے ،وہ ٹینک میں سوار ہو کر بھارت جانے کے خواہشمند تھے۔ ان کا یہ موقف میاں نوازشریف کو ایک آنکھ نہیں بھاتا تھا کیونکہ وہ خود کو ایٹمی پروگرام کا فادر سمجھتے ہیں، اس حوالے سے میاں نوازشریف نے مجھ سے گلہ بھی کیا۔
اس وقت دلچسپ صورتحال پیدا ہو گئی جب بزرگوار سرتاج عزیز جو میاں نوازشریف کے قریبی ساتھی اور مجید نظامی کے بچپن کے دوست تھے نے2009 ء میں ایک کتاب لکھی جس کا عنوان تھا کہ’’ پاکستان کے خواب اور حقیقتیں‘‘ اس میں تاریخی حوالوں سے انہوں نے ایٹمی دھماکوں کا کریڈٹ میاں نوازشریف
کو دیا جس پر نظامی صاحب اپنے یار غار سے ناراض ہو گئے ۔ 2009ء میں ہی جب میں’دی نیشن ‘ کا ایڈیٹر تھا تو یوم تکبیر کے موقع پر مجھ پر بھارتی ایجنٹ ہونے کا الزام عائد کر دیا گیا اوراس پر مجید نظامی کی طرف سے تحریری وارننگ دی گئی کہ یوم تکبیر پر خصوصی ضمیمہ شائع نہ کرنے سے ایسا لگتا ہے کہ دی نیشن پاکستان کا نہیں بھارت کا اخبار ہے ۔ میںنے انہیں زبانی وضاحت دی کہ دی نیشن نے کبھی یوم تکبیر پر ضمیمہ شائع نہیں کیا اس پر معاملہ رفع دفع ہو گیا۔
پاکستان کے نیو کلیئر پروگرام کے بانی ذوالفقار علی بھٹو تھے ۔1972ء میں اقتدار میں آتے ہی انہوں نے ایٹمی پروگرام کی بنیاد رکھی، اگرچہ یہ سلسلہ انہوں نے ایوب خان کی کابینہ میں بطور وزیر فیول ،پاور اینڈ نیچرل ریسورسز ہی شروع کر دیا تھا ۔ لیکن مشرقی پاکستان کھونے کے بعد بھٹو پاکستان کو ایٹمی طاقت بنانے کے خواب کو جلداز جلد شرمند ہ تعبیر کرنا چاہتے تھے ۔1974ء میں جب بھارت نے نام نہاد ’’پرامن‘ ‘ ایٹمی ٹیسٹ کیا تو اس میں کوئی شک نہ رہا کہ اب پاکستان کو ایٹمی طاقت بننا ہی پڑے گا۔ اس مقصد کے لیے بھٹو نے پہلی میٹنگ ملتان میں ایک خفیہ مقام پر کی جس کا بعدازاں ان کے پریس سیکرٹری خالد حسن نے ایک برطانوی ٹیلی ویژن کے ساتھ انٹرویو میںبھانڈا پھوڑ دیا ۔ 1975ء میں ڈاکٹر عبد القد یر خان جو گیس سینٹری فیول ٹیکنالوجی کے ماہر تھے اور ہالینڈ کی یورینیم افزود کرنے والی ٹیکنالوجی فیکٹری میں کام کرتے تھے ،بھٹو انہیںپاکستان لے آئے۔ ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر پر الزام لگا کہ وہ یورینیم ٹیکنالوجی کی چوری کے مرتکب ہوئے ہیں اسی وجہ سے ڈاکٹر صاحب کی نقل وحرکت آج تک محدود ہے ۔کہوٹہ کے مقام پر ایٹمی افزودگی کا جو سینٹر بنایا گیا اس کے انچارج ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر ہی تھے ۔ بعد میں آنے والی حکومتوں نے بھی ایٹمی پروگرام کو بھرپور طریقے سے جاری رکھا ۔
1983ء میں پاکستان نے ایٹم بم بنانے کے قابل یورینیم پر دسترس حاصل کر لی ،جنرل ضیاء الحق نے امریکہ کے دباؤ کا بھرپور مقابلہ کیا۔ ایٹمی میزائل ٹیکنالوجی اور تعداد میں پاکستان بھارت اور برطانیہ سے آ گے ہی ہے۔ اس حوالے سے پاکستان کو شمالی کوریا کی خفیہ مدد حاصل تھی جس کا کریڈٹ اس وقت کی وزیراعظم محترمہ بے نظیر بھٹو کو جاتا ہے۔ وہ 90ء کی دہائی میں کئی بار شمالی کوریا کے میزائل ٹیکنالوجی کے ماہرین سے ملتی رہیں ۔ 1993ء میں بے نظیر بھٹو نے پیانگ یانگ کا دورہ بھی کیا لیکن قابل غور بات یہ ہے کہ ایٹمی پروگرام کے بانیوںاور اسے پایہ تکمیل تک پہنچانے والوں کے ساتھ ہم نے کیا سلوک کیا ؟۔ ایٹمی دھماکوں کے قر یباً ڈیڑھ سال بعد اس وقت کے فوجی سربراہ جنرل پرویزمشرف نے وزیراعظم نوازشریف کو معزول اور پھر جلا وطن کر دیا ۔قبل ازیں ایٹمی پروگرام کے خالق ذوالفقار علی بھٹو کو جنرل ضیاء الحق نے سازش کے تحت فارغ کر کے تختہ دار پر لٹکا دیا ۔بے نظیر بھٹو بھی مشرف دور میں ہی لیاقت باغ میں دہشت گردی کا نشانہ بن گئیں ۔ ہم نے ڈاکٹر عبدالقد یر کے ساتھ بھی بہت برا سلوک کیا آج ڈاکٹر عبدالقد یرکو اپنے ہی ملک میں گھومنے پھرنے کی آزادی نہیں ہے اور حال ہی میں انہوں نے پابندیاں اٹھانے کے لیے عدالت سے بھی رجوع کیا ہے۔پرویز مشرف نے جو امریکہ کے پٹھو بنے رہے اپنی جان چھڑانے کے لیے ان سے ٹیلی ویژن پر معافی منگوائی ۔ ایٹمی دھماکوں کے 22 سال بعد ہم نے کیا کھویاکیا پایا؟ یقینا ایٹمی دھماکے بھارتی دھماکوں کے بعد ناگریز ہو گئے تھے اور 1998ء کے بعد پاکستان اور بھارت کے درمیان کوئی جنگ نہ ہونا بھی ایٹمی طاقت ہونے کے مرہون منت ہے لیکن دوسری طرف ایٹمی طاقت ہونے کے باوجود اقتصادیات سمیت ہمارا ہر شعبہ رجعت قہقری کا شکار ہے گویا کہ محض ایٹمی قوت ہونا طاقت کی معراج نہیں ہے ۔



مرض بڑھتا گیا جوں جوں دوا کی ، وزیراعظم کی طرف سے جب ہفتے سے لاک ڈاؤن ختم یا نرم کرنے کی نوید سنائی جا رہی تھی ا س وقت جان لیوا کورونا وائرس پہلے کے مقابلے میں زیادہ آگ کی طرح پھیلنا شروع ہو گیا۔ جمعہ کو ایک ہی دن میں ملک بھر میں قر یباً دو ہزار مریضوں کا اضافہ ہوا اور پنجاب میں کیسز دس ہزار سے بڑھ گئے یہی نہیں بلکہ بدھ کو ریکارڈ47اور جمعرات کو 49افراد وائرس کی تاب نہ لاکر دم توڑ گئے۔ خان صاحب کا واکھیان ہے کہ ان سے غریبوں کی حالت نہیں دیکھی جاتی ، لاک ڈاؤن کی وجہ سے لاکھوں اجیر بے روز گاری ،بھوک اور افلاس کا شکار ہو رہے ہیں لہٰذا لاک ڈاؤن کھولنا ضروری ہے تاکہ انھیں روزگار ملے اور اقتصادیات کا منجمد پہیہ دوبارہ چل سکے۔ وزیراعظم کا یہ درد اتنا بے جا بھی نہیں ہے۔ ان کے قریبی مشیروں کا خیال ہے کہ کورونا وبا سے متاثرین اور اموات کی تعداد دیگر ممالک کے مقابلے میں آٹے میں نمک کے برابر ہے لہٰذا اللہ کا نام لے کر لاک ڈاؤن کھول دیا جائے۔ وزیر منصوبہ بندی اسد عمر جو نیشنل کو آرڈی نیشن کمیٹی کے سربراہ ہیں اور آج کل وزیراعظم کے چہیتے بھی، نے ایک دلچسپ مثال دی کہ پاکستان میں ٹر یفک حادثات میں ہر سال چار ہزار آٹھ سو افراد جاں بحق ہو جاتے ہیں اور اس کے مقابلے میں کورونا سے چند سو افراد ہی ہلاک ہوئے ہیں۔ یہ انتہائی بے تکی مثال ہے کیونکہ ٹریفک حادثات کوئی وائرس نہیں ہے جو پھیلتا ہی چلا جاتا ہے۔ ویسے تو لاک ڈاؤن کی وجہ سے ٹریفک حادثات کی تعدا دبھی دنیا بھر میں بہت کم ہو گئی ہے۔
غالباً وزیراعظم اور ان کے مشیر امریکہ کی ییل یونیورسٹی کی ایک سٹڈ ی پرانحصار کر رہے ہیں جس کے مطابق لاک ڈاؤن کے باعث اقتصادی سرگرمیاں محدود ہو جانے سے خاصا نقصان ہوتا ہے جبکہ لاک ڈاؤن کے ذریعے ان لوگوں کی زندگیاں محفوظ بنائی جاتی ہیں جو اپنی زیادہ عمر یا بیماریوں کی وجہ سے اس وائرس کا شکار ہو جاتے ہیں لہٰذا اکانومی کو بند کرنا اور نسبتاً ان لوگوں کو جن کے لیے بیماری جان لیوا ثابت نہیں ہوتی کو گھروں میں محدود کرنا گھاٹے کا سودا ہو گا۔ امریکی صدر ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ بھی اسی نقطہ نگاہ کے حامی لگتے ہیں انہیں تو اس لیے بھی جان کے لالے پڑے ہوئے ہیں کہ اسی برس نومبر میں امریکہ میں صدارتی انتخابات ہو رہے ہیں اور ان کی قلابازیوں کی وجہ سے وہ امریکی ریاستیں بھی اب متنفر ہوتی جا رہی ہیں جنہوں نے پچھلے انتخابات میں ٹرمپ کا ساتھ دیا تھا۔ کورونا وائرس سے امریکہ میں قر یباً 13لاکھ افراد متاثر ہوئے ہیں اور 78ہزار سے زائد افراد لقمہ اجل بن چکے ہیں۔ صرف نیویارک میں جو ٹرمپ کا اپنا علاقہ ہے تین لاکھ سے زائد افراد متاثر ہو چکے ہیں اور بائیس ہزار افراد ہلاک ہوئے ہیں۔ ایک اندازے کے مطابق امریکہ میں اس موذی وائرس سے ہلاک ہونے والوں کی تعداد نائن الیون ،ویتنام ، عراق اور افغانستان کی جنگوں میں ہلاک ہونے والے امریکیوں سے کہیں زیادہ ہے لیکن ٹرمپ اپنی ضد پرقائم ہیں کہ سب کچھ کھول دو۔ان کے بعض ناقدین کے مطابق وہ تواتر کے ساتھ اتنا جھوٹ بولتے ہیں کہ اب یہی جھوٹ انہیں سچ لگتا ہے۔
یورپ میں فرانس ،جرمنی ،سپین اور اٹلی جیسے ممالک لاک ڈاؤن کو بتدریج نرم کر رہے ہیں۔ برطانیہ جو امریکہ کے بعد کورونا سے سب سے زیادہ متاثرہ ملک ہے ابھی اپنی ترجیحات طے کر رہا ہے۔ عمومی طور پر یہ تصور کیا جاتا ہے کہ لاک ڈاؤن اسی صورت کھولا جائے جب اس سے متاثرین اور اموات کی تعداد گھٹنا شروع ہو جائے اور گراف ایک جگہ ٹھہرنے کے بعد نیچے کی طرف آنے لگے لیکن پاکستان میں تو الٹی گنگا بہہ رہی ہے یہاں پر کورونا وبا کے حوالے سے صورتحا ل مزید دو درجے خراب ہو گئی ہے۔ خان صاحب اور ان کے حواری سائنس کے بجائے غالباً قدرت پر بھروسہ کر رہے ہیں۔ دعا ہے کہ اللہ تعالیٰ مملکت خداداد پر اپنا کرم کرے لیکن حکمرانوں کو فیصلے ٹھوس حقائق اور شواہد پرکر نے چاہئیں۔ بالخصوص ایسے معاملات میں جن کا گہرا تعلق قوم کی بقا سے ہو۔موجودہ حکمت عملی میں سب سے بڑا خطرہ یہ ہے کہ اگر کورونا وبا کے پھیلاؤکی رفتار میں لاک ڈاؤن نرم ہونے کے بعد مزید تیزی آئی تو خدا نخواستہ انسانی جانوں کا ضیاع بڑھ جائے گا اور اکانومی بھی بحال نہیں ہو پائے گی۔ یہ خیال کہ لاک ڈاؤن کھلے گا تو اکانومی بحال ہو جائے گی ایک مفروضہ ہے۔ اگر دفاتر اور دکانیں کھلنے کے ساتھ ساتھ کورونا کیسز اتنے بڑھتے ہیں کہ ہسپتالوں میں بھی جگہ نہیں رہتی اور ہلاکتیں تیزی سے بڑھتی رہیں تو اس ماحول میں اقتصادی سرگرمیاں کیسے بحال ہونگی۔ شاید اس قسم کے خدشات کی بنا پر پنجاب میں تحریک انصاف کی اپنی حکومت بھی لاک ڈاؤن کے حوالے سے تذبذب کا شکار ہے۔ وزیراعلیٰ پنجاب عثمان بزدار کی صدارت میں
اعلیٰ سطح کے اجلاس میں صورتحال کا جائزہ لیا گیا جس میں کورکمانڈر لاہور ،جنرل آفیسر کمانڈنگ 10،ڈی جی رینجرز پنجاب ،چیف سیکرٹری اور آئی جی پولیس سمیت اعلیٰ حکام شریک تھے۔
جہاں تک سندھ کا تعلق ہے وزیراعلیٰ سندھ مراد علی شاہ نے دعویٰ کیا کہ انہوں نے لاک ڈاؤن کے حوالے سے وفاق کے قریباً تمام فیصلوں پرعمل درآمد کیا ہے لیکن ساتھ ہی واضح کردیا کہ پیرکو صوبے میں لاک ڈاؤن ختم نہیں کیا جا رہا۔دلچسپ بات یہ ہے اس عمومی اتفاق رائے کے باوجود وفاقی حکومت کے نمائند ے وزیراعلیٰ سندھ کے پیچھے پنجے جھاڑ کر پڑے ہوئے ہیں حالانکہ خود پنجاب میں جزوی طور پر لاک ڈاؤن ختم کرنے کی بات کی جا رہی ہے۔ دوسری طرف بلو چستان کے عوامی پارٹی کے بانی سعید احمد ہاشمی نے اپنے وزیراعلیٰ جام کمال کی معیت میں میڈیا سے گفتگو کرتے ہوئے کہا کورونا وائرس جیسے نازک معاملے کی موجودگی میں سیاسی نفاق تباہ کن ہو سکتا ہے۔
دراصل کورونا وبا کا سب سے بڑا سیاسی المیہ یہ ہے کہ پی ٹی آئی کی حکومت اس حوالے سے ابھی تک کوئی واضح اور دوٹو ک فیصلہ نہیں کر پائی اس کے برعکس مراد علی شاہ نے فیصلہ کن اقدامات کر کے پیپلزپارٹی کے مخالفوں کے بھی منہ بند کر دیئے ہیں کیونکہ وہ لیڈر شپ کا مظاہرہ کر رہے ہیں۔ ایسے وقت میں جب اپوزیشن اپنے زخم چاٹ رہی ہے شاہ صاحب نے اپنی کارکردگی کی بنا پر خود کو عمران خان کے مقابل کھڑا کر دیا ہے۔وہ ایک طرف وفاقی حکومت کے احکامات کو جی آیاں نوں کہتے ہیں لیکن ساتھ ہی ساتھ صوبے کے لیے مشکل فیصلے کرنے سے نہیں کتراتے۔ حکمران جماعت کے سندھ سے تعلق رکھنے والے کابینہ کے ارکان اور گورنر سندھ عمران اسماعیل اس صورتحال پر سخت چیں بہ چیں ہیں۔ ان کی مخالفانہ بیان بازی کا بلاواسطہ سیاسی فا ئدہ وزیراعلیٰ سند ھ کو ہی پہنچ رہا ہے اور مراد شاہ کا موازنہ عمران خان سے کیا جا رہا ہے۔ پی ٹی آئی کی نا قص حکمت عملی کی بنا پر اب مراد علی شاہ عمران خان کے مقابل لیڈر بن چکے ہیں۔حالیہ نیم درون نیم برون لاک ڈاؤن جس کے بارے میں کسی کو معلوم نہیں کہ کیا کھلے گا اور کیا بند رہے گا عوام کو مزید گومگو کا شکار کر رہا ہے۔ غالباً لاک ڈاؤن کے بارے میں اعلان کو کسی دانستہ حکمت عملی کی بنا پر مبہم رکھا گیا ہے۔ اگر یہ ناکام ہوتا ہے جس کا قوی امکان ہے اس کا سیاسی فائدہ حکومت سند ھ کو پہنچے گا۔نہ جانے خان صاحب کن مجبوریوں کی بنا پر ایک قدم آ گے دو قدم پیچھے کی روش کا شکار رہتے ہیں، اس روش کی بنا پر بے پناہ نقصان کا خطرہ ہے، اللہ ہمارے حال پر رحم کرے



اللہ ہمارے حال پر رحم کرے!


Business as usual
The lockdown has been somewhat eased-perhaps at the expense of more vulnerable sections of the populace-in order to save the tottering economy.The announcement was made by the Prime Minister ominously the very day the pandemic at its deadliest peak, took 46 lives. He with his point-man Asad Umar have been crowing for some time now that the economy has to be revived come what may. Otherwise the poor and the dispossessed majority will die of hunger.The other day Umar made the specious argument that more people on the average die in road accidents every year than owing to coronavirus pandemic. Perhaps it did not occur to him that road accidents do not spread like a virus.As usual our hukamrans (leaders) are banking on the benevolence of Allah. But this is like playing Russian roulette with the nation. Perhaps Khan has been advised to go by the now much talked about Yale study that contends whether shuttering the economy for weeks or months and mass unemployment are reasonable costs to pay? It sounds heartless.Nonetheless, it talks about saving lives but not at the expense of entirely compromising economic growth. That is why countries like the US and the France, Germany, Italy and Spain are going towards a gradual easing. Perhaps the US is the only exception where President Donald Trump, despite an exponential increase in those affected and dying owing to the deadly virus, is insisting the states to open up.Most countries are doing it only after the Covid-19 graph has plateaued and number of affected is declining by the day. Pakistan is unique in the sense that we are opening up at a time when the pandemic graph is shooting up.That is why both Punjab and Sindh that witnessed a record number of Covid-19 cases in single day have decided to extend the lockdown for some more time.As usual our hukamrans (leaders) are banking on the benevolence of Allah. But this is like playing Russian roulette with the nation.This could result in a huge increase in number of those affected and deaths in the coming weeks. The kind of mass demoralisation this will create, we might end up with the worst of both worlds – massive human depredation as well as a tottering economy.On the other hand, despite difficult times for the entire nation, it is largely business as usual. Take the case of NAB (National Accountability Bureau). Perhaps completely oblivious of the present environment it has redoubled its efforts to hound politicians.The PML-N (Pakistan Muslim league-Nawaz) and the PPP (Pakistan People’s Party) leadership were already on NAB’s radar. But now in its quixotic pursuit it has nabbed the Chaudhrys of Gujrat.Their party PML-Q is an ally of the ruling party at the federal level but most crucially in Punjab where the Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf (PTI) has a very thin majority. Both Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain and Pervez Elahi have challenged before the Lahore High Court NAB’s decision to re-open a 19 years old inquiry against them.Usual allegations about misuse of authority, having assets beyond means and wilful default have been made against them. However, the petitioners argue that the cases had been instituted with mala fide intentions. They are meant for political engineering and to “contain and cage” them, they claim.The Chaudhrys are not the only one complaining. The PML-N leadership has been saying the same thing ad nauseam.Recently PML-N president and leader of the opposition Shahbaz Sharif, was summoned thrice by NAB. After refusing twice on the pretext of being venerable to Covid-19 infection, the third time he had no option but to attend.According to NAB he could not satisfy their interrogators regarding charges against him of money laundering and assets beyond his known sources of income. However according to his spokesperson, he was asked frivolous questions like: why he came to the NAB headquarters in his son’s car.Later NAB recanted the presser issued on its behalf. But these kinds of shenanigans have become standard operating procedure of the accountability watchdog.It makes selective leaks to the media to tarnish the reputation of the defendants and then conveniently claim later that it had nothing to do with it. The humiliating manner in which incarcerated publisher Mir Shakil-ur-Rahman was photographed behind bars is another case in point.The question that still begs an answer is why the Chaudhrys? They are staunch allies of the PTI and essentially unequivocal defenders of the ubiquitous establishment.The other day I saw an old clip of a TV interview of former dictator Pervez Musharraf. In his signature candid style, he admits that without a little help from NAB he could not have created his house of cards.According to him the PML-Q was carved out of PML-N with the able assistance of his intelligence sleuths and a major general (a crony of the former dictator) who was at the time DG Rangers Punjab.The so-called Patriots were created courtesy ace quisling Faysal Saleh Hayat from the PPP when Musharraf belatedly realised that despite PML-Q’s support, he did not have the requisite numbers to from a government.The NAB played a crucial role by reading the riot act to those politicians with skeletons in their cupboards.But why rub the Chaudhrys the wrong way at this juncture? Perhaps for quite some time the duo’s flirtation with the Sharifs is an open secret. Shahbaz Sharif in a recent interview admitted that the PML-N relations with their erstwhile nemesis are no longer hostile but neutral.Notwithstanding Sharif’s cautious remarks, the two parties are not only in touch but they are coordinating with each other within the parliament. The Chaudhrys, on a number of occasions have deviated from PTI’s official line if not actually criticising the government.Pervez Elahi the other day expressed dissatisfaction with the Punjab government’s shoddy management of quarantine facilities in Lahore. Ch. Shujaat recently remarked that the PTI rank and file should leave the PML-N alone. “We will handle them”, he remarked.Nonetheless, it remains a conundrum why the powers that be are worried about the Chaudhrys? As long as the going remains good they will keep on signing on the dotted line.Various government spokesmen keep on brazenly claiming that NAB is an independent and autonomous institution and that the PTI government has nothing to do with its accountability drive.They rightly contend that if NAB was such a bad idea, why did the Sharifs resist moves to abolish or reform it? In fact, its present chairman was appointed by the PML-N government in consultation with the opposition.But when the enigmatic Sheikh Rashid Ahmed, in his signature style, claims that ‘after Eid NAB will become a Tarzan’, he further punctures the already thin facade of the accountability czar’s so-called independence.The ruling party and the opposition in the parliament both claim that they intend to amend the NAB law. But practically speaking the PTI government has no intentions of doing so in a way that deprives it of the tool it uses to victimise the opposition in the name of accountability.Ideally speaking, NAB should be scrapped and replaced by an across the board and transparent accountability body with a modicum of parliamentary or judicial oversight.  But in the present milieu this is tantamount to asking for the moon.

Faisal Abbasi Arif Nizami Ho Kya Raha Hai with Arif Nizami 92 News 

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